Recent
Projects
SMAART Urban Slum Dashboard
- Year: 2016
The aim of the Urban Slum Dashboard is to utilize community-level data in urban slums to drive decision making, Explore gender differences for various SDG indicators among urban slums and Determine association between various SDG.
School-based Surveillance for Detection of Children with Acute Pharyngitis, Rheumatic Fever/Rheumatic Heart Disease: India
- Years: 2014 to 2016
Collaborating Partners: Indira Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Shimla, HP
- Funding Agency: Indian Council of Medical Research
The lack of surveillance system is a major barrier in prevention and control of rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease (RF/RHD). Efficacy of school-based surveillance was evaluated for detection of acute pharyngitis and RF/RHD in Shimla district, HP. The schools in district Shimla were randomly assigned to intervention and controlled arm (442 vs. 441 schools). The trained nodal teachers reported children with symptoms of acute pharyngitis and or RF/RHD in intervention arm and children taken to hospitals by parents for symptoms of acute pharyngitis and or RF/RHD under control arm through mobile phone to coordinating centre. Final outcome for presence of RF/RHD or other heart Diseases was recorded after examination at nearest primary health centers and/or at Indira Gandhi Medical College Hospital, Shimla. Difference in detection rate between intervention arm and control arm was compared using Z test. The number of school children reported from intervention group was significantly higher than in control due to suspected symptoms of acute pharyngitis and or RF/RHD were 65 (2.84/1000) and 15 (0.60/1000), respectively (p < 0.01). Only 4 children in each arm were found to have heart diseases, with prevalence of (0.17/1000 and 0.16/1000), respectively, after clinical and echocardiography evaluation. In intervention arm, one child had RHD while three had congenital heart disease; in control arm, one child had congenital heart disease and three had RHD. School based surveillance had higher rate of suspecting children with acute pharyngitis and or RF/RHD although with low specificity. There is a need of future studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed intervention in endemic regions of the state.
Water and Sanitation Hygiene Knowledge Attitude Practice in urban slum settings
- Years: 2013 to 2013
Access to improved drinking water, sanitation and hygiene is one of the prime concerns around the globe. The objective of this pilot study was to explore water and sanitation hygiene related attitude and practices among individuals living in urban slum settings of south Delhi, India. In the current study, three-fourth of the respondents were not using any method to treat the water and 73 %( n=22) felt that water is already clean so there is no need to treat it. In contrast the result of water sample collected from households showed that 55% of the samples were contaminated. On assessing the situation and practices related to sanitation it was found that only 45 % (n=18) of the individuals had access to toilets inside the households, so more than half of the pilot study population had to go out of the houses for defecation. Majority of the participants washed their hands both before handling of the food and eating, 88% (n=35) of the participants washed their hands after defecation and 75% (n=30) of them wash their hands after eating. 78% (n=31) of the participants agreed that washing hands improves hygiene and 75 % (n=30) of them agreed that it prevents infection.
